[12.x] Allow retrieving all reported exceptions from ExceptionHandlerFake

[cosmastech]

I have a use-case where I am writing tests that leverage a data provider. The data provider gives invalid data, an exception class, and the message we are expecting. In different conditions, different exceptions are reported. I want to confirm that they are indeed reported

public static function missingAttributesDataProvider(): array
{
    return [
        'no id' => [
            ['name' => 'Totwell', 'product' => 'Taylor Otwell branded tater tots'],
            UnexpectedValueException::class,
            'No id present'
        ]
    ];
}

#[Test]
#[DataProvider('missingAttributesDataProvider')]
public function missingAttribute_throwsException(array $attributes, string $expectedExceptionClass, string $message): void
{
    Exceptions::fake();

    // Do something with those $attributes

    // Then
    Exceptions::assertReported(fn ($e) => $e instanceof $expectedExceptionClass && $e->getMessage() === $message);
}

But this blows up, because there's no typehint provided to the Closure.

With this change, I can change my test to:

$reported = Exceptions::reported();
$this->assertCount(1, $reported);
$this->assertInstanceOf($expectedExceptionClass, $reported[0]);
$this->assertSame($message, $reported[0]->getMessage());